Which type of Diabetes Mellitus typically requires insulin therapy from diagnosis?

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Because the body cannot produce insulin, individuals with Type 1 diabetes typically require exogenous insulin therapy from the time of diagnosis to manage their blood glucose levels effectively. This is crucial for preventing acute complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis and for maintaining overall metabolic control.

In contrast, Type 2 Diabetes often begins with insulin resistance, where the body still produces insulin but doesn’t use it effectively. Many people with Type 2 can initially manage their condition through lifestyle changes and oral medications. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and may not require insulin unless blood sugar levels cannot be controlled with diet and exercise. Pre-diabetes indicates higher than normal blood sugar levels but not high enough for a diabetes diagnosis, and insulin therapy is not typically necessary in this stage.