What is a common cause of right sided heart failure?

Pulmonary embolism is a common cause of right-sided heart failure because it creates an obstruction in the pulmonary arteries, which can lead to increased pressure in the right ventricle. When a blood clot or other material blocks the flow of blood to the lungs, the right side of the heart has to work harder to pump blood through these obstructed vessels. This elevated workload can ultimately lead to right ventricular hypertrophy and failure, as the heart becomes unable to maintain adequate circulation.

Right-sided heart failure specifically occurs when the right ventricle fails to effectively pump blood into the pulmonary circulation. Symptoms might include swelling in the legs, abdomen, and other areas due to fluid retention, as well as shortness of breath. In the case of pulmonary embolism, the sudden onset of symptoms can present acutely, making it a significant factor in emergency care situations.

Coronary artery disease can lead to heart failure but primarily affects the left side of the heart; congenital heart defects can also affect both sides but the context of the question focuses on events leading to acute presentations. Aortic stenosis primarily leads to left-sided heart issues due to the increased pressure required to move blood from the left ventricle into the aorta.