What are the five components of neonatal resuscitation in order from top to bottom?

The correct answer identifies the fundamental steps necessary to provide effective neonatal resuscitation immediately after birth. The components are designed to ensure that the newborn's immediate physiological needs are met to stabilize their condition.

The first step, warming, is crucial as newborns can lose heat rapidly, which could lead to hypothermia and negatively affect their ability to transition to life outside the womb. Drying the newborn helps to prevent loss of heat and provide tactile stimulation, which is essential for initiating breathing.

Positioning the newborn properly—typically in a neutral position—facilitates airway patency and helps in establishing effective ventilation. Suctioning may be necessary to clear the airway of any obstruction, such as mucus, ensuring the newborn has the best chance of breathing efficiently.

Lastly, stimulating the baby, often done through tactile stimulation (like rubbing the back or flicking the soles of the feet), prompts the newborn to take its first breaths and begin to cry, which are critical signs of effective respiratory effort.

These steps collectively form the basis of neonatal care protocols, establishing a sequence that prioritizes thermal regulation, airway management, and stimulation—key factors in ensuring a successful transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.